Yearbook 2025

Paying Without Understanding: The Gap Between Canada’s NATO Commitments and Public Strategic Literacy

Canada has finally committed to meeting NATO’s spending expectations, but public support for those commitments may be far shallower than policymakers assume. As defence spending rises and global instability intensifies, Canadians increasingly support military investment while remaining uncertain about the obligations and trade-offs that collective security requires. This article argues that Canada’s greatest defence challenge is not necessarily financial, but democratic: a growing gap between the commitments Ottawa is making and the public understanding needed to sustain them. Without greater strategic literacy, support for defence spending risks remaining reactive, fragile, and vulnerable to changing political and economic conditions.

Ukraine’s Victory Paradox: Preventing Defeat Without Defining Victory

Charting a New Road: What the NATO Acquisition of the GlobalEye Means for Canada

Elephants in the Room: How the Rise of the European Right Poses NATO’s Next Cohesion Challenge

Canada’s Defence Spending and Plans: From Promise to Practice

Indian Lightning: The Case for the Export of the F-35 to India

Through its choice of defence imports, India has long positioned itself between West and East. Vivek Sapru argues that the formal offering of the F-35 as an export platform for the Indian Air Force would serve both New Delhi and NATO’s interests by strengthening defence ties, improving deterrence towards Beijing and by potentially weaning India off Russian imports.

Navigating a potential China-US G2: Can Middle-Powers learn from Singapore?

Shoulder to Shoulder: Canada’s Indo-Pacific Naval Outreach

Canada in the Pacific Islands: Rectifying Ottawa’s Pacific Island Blindspot

What the Iran War Means for China’s Taiwan Calculus

The Magyar Case: The Value of Local Engagement for Democratic Strength

One of the most anticipated and consequential elections of 2026 has been Hungary’s April 12th parliamentary election. Under the premiership of Viktor Orbán, who had served as Hungary’s prime minister for almost 20 cumulative years, Hungary had become synonymous with democratic backsliding and obstructionism within the European Union (EU) and NATO.  Orbán, a former anti-communist Read More…

Culture and Security at the Venice Biennale

Advanced Deterrence: What France’s New Nuclear Doctrine Means for NATO 

La violence sexuelle : une arme de guerre oubliée de la sécurité internationale

Au-delà des armes : la fragilisation des systèmes de santé comme stratégie de guerre et de coercion

Building Multilateral WPS Resilience at NATO

With increasing geopolitical challenges and polarized public discourse, the WPS agenda faces a reluctant political environment. As a crucial element of lasting peacebuilding,
NATO must build resilience in its WPS agenda by planning multilateral initiatives for today’s political context.

From the Frontlines to the Frontier: NATO’s Future Depends on the Power of Unconventional Networks

Resilient to the Manosphere: How NATO Can Counter Algorithm-Driven Threats to Women’s Security

Why NATO Needs Women to Rebuild Defence Capacity

The Rollback of the Pentagon’s Women, Peace, and Security Program: What it Means for NATO and the Importance of Canadian WPS Leadership

Canada’s China Trade Reset, Explained

What did Canada and China actually agree to, and what did they leave unresolved? In this article, Michael Chen explores the economic logic of the trade reset and why connected-vehicle data and software screening remain the clearest security gap.

Should CANZUK be a goal for Canada? Part 2: The Free Trade Angle

Dealing with Defence: Canada’s Use of Economic Agreements as Instruments for Security

Reaching the 2% Goal: Canada’s Increased Defence Spending and Its Implications

The Canada Strong Fund and NATO Obligations: Is Canada Investing or Mortgaging?

Assessing Canadian Nuclear Latency Amidst Declining Confidence in Extended Nuclear Deterrence 

As confidence in American commitments declines, new extended nuclear deterrence arrangements are emerging in the EU. Canada, geographically distinct from this emerging network, thus ought to reassess its nuclear- latent stance. The article concludes continued nuclear latency is the most strategic positioning for Canada.

Emerging Intelligence Market: Know-How and Training for Combat Drone Usage

Parallel Progress, Divergent Systems: What the Science and Technology Organization’s 2025 Highlights Report Reveals About NATO’s Technological Modernization Gaps 

Defending Canada’s Digital State: CRA Cyber Incidents, NATO Resilience, and Economic Security 

From Trenches to Algorithms: Integrating Unmanned Ground Vehicles into NATO’s Cyber-Resilient Structure

Democracy and Disinformation, Part 2: The European Case

The European Union has come to treat disinformation not as a problem of false information, but as a threat to democracy itself. In this article, Dominique Arseneau-Bruneau examines how legality, legitimacy, and speed shape the EU’s response to information confrontation and what its experience reveals about the limits of democratic defence.

Weaponizing Post-COVID Trauma in the New Hantavirus Outbreak

Behind the Algorithm: How Technofascism Lies in the Shadows of Technological Advancements

Democracy and Disinformation, Part 1: A Structural Disadvantage

Special Report: Iran, Russia, & Hybrid Warfare Influence Operations

Thawing Foundations: Permafrost and the Future of Arctic Defence

Canada’s Arctic security debate mostly focuses on the visible signs of geopolitical change. While Russian military activity, Chinese interest in polar routes, and NORAD modernization dominate the debate, one serious threat is occurring under Canadians’ feet. As permafrost thaws, the physical ground supporting Arctic infrastructure is becoming less stable. This is not only an environmental Read More…

Should NATO Treat Climate Data as Strategic Intelligence?

Canada’s role in an “Era of Global Water Bankruptcy”

The Limits of Green Defence: NATO, Climate Security, and Modern Warfare

What Counts as Defence? The Case for Climate Adaptation in NATO’s 1.5% Commitment

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In this series, the NATO Association of Canada in partnership with the NATO Research Group out of the University of Toronto, explore issues related to security, prosperity, and the international rules-based order.

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Special Publication

Special Publication

Amid a precarious geopolitical climate, rapidly evolving threats, and American demands for
greater Allied defence burden-sharing, rebuilding Canada’s national defence capabilities is a necessity if Ottawa is to avoid strategic disadvantage. Accordingly, the NATO Association of Canada has connvened this task force to assess policy options that enhance defence capabilities in a sustainable and efficient manner

Meet the Team

Meet the Team